Loom



Jan. 14, 1941.

E. GROETSCHEL LOOM Filed Sept. 28, 19384 4 (sheets-sheet 2 Ahoi/neus.-

Jan. 14, 1941.

, E. GRoETscHx-:L 2,228,761

LOOM

Filed Sept. 28, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 5y: EELAF GRCZZL Paienied Jap..14, 1941 I 2,228,761

uuiTa STATES PATENT oFFicI-I.

LOOM

Erlaf Groetsohel, BerlimGermany Application September 28, 1938, SerialNo. 232,089

In Germany July 16, 1937 15 Claims. (Cl. 139-279) This invention relatestol looms with vertical Fig. 3y is a perspective view oi the more imwarpthreads and provides means for effecting portant actuating and controlmembers for the the drive such as are mainly employed in loomsformation` ofA the shed, the take-up of the cloth of the domestic orhousehold type. and other functions.

5 The invention resides more particularly in the Fig. 4 is a perspectiveView of a shuttle box 5 `act that a plurality of warps situated onebewith the picking plate tensioning device. hind the other in verticalplanes and freely a'c- Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through ashutcessible from both sides are passed through an tle box. upwardly anddownwardly oscillating reed Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a shuttle,and

l0 frame. The actuating and control members for Fig. 7 shows the.releasing means for the pick- 10 the cloth take-up, for the healdmovements, for ing platev locking members in front view. the shuttlemovement and also for the oscillat- Fig. 3 is another embodiment of aloom acing reed frame are designed on the lines of a cording to Fig. 1,having a stationary picking domestic loom and can be operated, whilederivmechanism.

ing the drive from a main shaft, without any Fig. 9 is a part View of ashuttle box of the 15 substantially greater expenditure of power thanloom according to Fig. 8. in the case of domestic looms with only oneweb In the vertical uprights I of thev loom a reed of cloth. Themovements of the actuating and frame 3 common to warp groups 2 situated`one control membersare effected by way of a main behindV the other inthree vertical planes is shaft, for example from a pedal crank driveguided by means of rollers 4 or the like so. that arranged separately oithe loom in a saddle it can oscillate up and down in a Verticaldirecracket or the like. tion.

The shuttle lboxes may be connected to the The warp threads 2 are letoff the warpl beams reed frame oscillating up and down under the 5mounted in the lower part of theY loom, then action oi an eccentric orconnecting-rod crank pass through common healdsor harness frames 25drive, cr -be arranged stationarily 'inde- 7, 8 adapted t0 Slide inlateral gIOOVed guides 6 pendently of said reed frame. In the case ofand thereupon enter the reed frame 3. In. the stationary shuttle boxes acommon picking moplane of the warp threads 2 the reed. frame 3 tionactuated by separate control means is prefhas reeds oi known design,Which are Simuleraoly provided, whilst in the case of oscillatingtaneously adapted for guiding the shuttles 9. 30 shuttle boxes thepicking plates are tensioned The adjinng Web 0f 010th then Passes in theby the upward and downward movement of the upper parli 0f the 100m @Vertake-11D T01-1ers l0 reed frame. and is wound on cloth rollers l2, whichbear For controlling the harness frames, thecloth against the take-uprollers by the action of roller take-up motion and the conjointly movedsprings H. The bearings i3 for the cloth rollpicking plates a lay-shaftpreferably having iners i2 are mounted on pivots Hi. Owing to thisterchangeable tappets, notched discs and the pivotal mounting and alsothe. provision of the like is provided, which is actuated from the mainsprings il the cloth rollers l2 are always caused driving shaft. to bearagainst the take-up rollers It, irrespec- The diiierent parts or" theloom are arranged tive of the fact as to whether 'there is much or 40 insuch fashion that they are simultaneously aclittle cloth on the rollersl2. ccssible from all sides, and so that a plurality The drive for allcomponent parts of the loom of, for example three, looms are combined inis derived from a main yshaft l5.` Since in ac;- one frame withacommondrive. The reed frame cordance with the invention the operationof provided for all webs of cloth is suspended from the variousactuating and control members does equalising springs for the purpose ofreducing not require anysubstantially greaterfegpendthe driving powerrequired, the said springs beture of power than in the case of domesticlooms so designed that they simultaneously assist having one Web 0f610th. the, main Shaft Cdn adthe tensioning of the picking plates.vantageously be rotated by a pedal crank drive Several embodiments ofthe loom according il mounted separately from the loom in a sagt-f tothe invention are illustrated by way of examdie bracket l5 and actingthrough the medium 50 ple in the accompanying drawings, wherein of abelt i8., a chain or the like. The rotation of Ff. 1 showsdiagrammatically an elevational the main sha-ft l5 is transmitted bymeans of 'viv or" a loom for producing three fabrics. belts 2|, 22,chains or the like to two shafts 19, nig. 2 is an end view correspondingto Fig. l. ii@ preferably mounted in the vicinity of the uprights I.Mounted on one end of the shafts I9, 20 are crank discs 23, 24 pivotallyconnected to the reed frame 3 by connecting rods 25. The reed frame 3 isthereby moved evenly up and down at four points in the uprights by theconnecting-rod crank drive 23, 24, 25, its stroke corresponding to thediameter of the discs 23, 24.

The shaft 29 carries a ratchet nger 26, which intermittently rotates alay-shaft 21 through the medium of a star wheel 28 (Fig. 3). Mounted onthe lay-shaft 21 are tappets 29 co-lperat7 ing with a double-armed lever3| pivoted at 3|).

The lever 3| has a slot 32 in which a connectingV piece 33 for a pullmember 34 is adapted to slide and to be secured in certain location(Fig. 1). At its other end the pull vmember 34 is secured to a secondconnecting piece 35 adapted to slide and to be clamped in a suitableshaped slot 36 in a one-armed lever 31. The lever 31, which is mountedin the upper part of the loom, is adapted to rock about the axis 38 andis drawn continuously by the spring 39 in the direction of the stop 40.Due to the rotation of the tappets 29 the lever 3| and, through themedium of the member 35,'the lever 31 is rocked at certain intervalsagainst the action of the spring 39; that is to say, a pull in thedirection of the arrow a is exerted periodically on the member 34.During the rocking movements-of the lever 31 its pawl4| drives a ratchetwheel 42, which is secured against backward rotation by a locking pawl43. The intermittent movement of the ratchet wheel 42 is transmitted toa sprocket wheel 44 mounted with it on the same shaft 38. A chain 45passes about the wheel 44 and also about further sprocket wheels 41secured to the shafts 46 of the take-up rollers l0, so that all wheels41, and hence the take-up rollers Il), are rotated in the same directionby the wheel 44. Tensioning rollers 48 ensure the position of the chain45 on the wheels 41. The parts 29, 3|, 31, 42, etc., are soadjustedrelatively to one ano-ther that unobstructed fabric take-upcorresponcng to the pick of the weft is ensured, variation of the fabrictake-up being quite readily possible within certain limits by means ofthe parts 33, 35.

vNotched discs 49 for the attachment of tappets 50 are mounted on thelay-shaft 21 according to the weave required and the existing healds 1,8. According to the number of the notched discs 49 present, double armedlevers 52 are pivotally mounted on a spindle 5|. The rocking movementsof the levers 52 depend upon the size of the tappets 59. The free endsof the levers 52 are connected to the healds 1, 8 by ilexible pullmembers 53. According to the position of the tappets 50 on the lay-shaft21, the levers 52 are rocked at uniform intervals of time, and hence thehealds 1, 8 through the medium of the pull members 53 are caused toslide in the guides 6 against the action of tension springs 54(Figure 1) for forming the shed.

Picking of the shuttles takes place simultaneously for all the warpgroups 2 by means of the picking device shown in Figure 4. Shuttle boxes55 substantially comprising two vertical walls 56 are Xed to the reedframe 3 -n line with the individual reeds. The closure of the box 55,which is open towards the reed, is formed by a picking plate 51 adaptedto slide on the box bottom 58. It is guided by lateral rods 59 securedto it and passing through eyes 60 fixed externally of the walls 56.Tension springs 6| tend to press `all the shuttles of one side takesplace.

this operation, however, the levers 15 provided! the plate 51 constantlyagainst the front edges of the walls 56. Fixed to the shuttle box bottom58 are arms 62 forming the pivots 63 for a bellcrank system 64.Pivotally connected at 68 to the bell-crank system 64 of each shuttlebox 55 is a knee lever 61 connected by hinges 65 to longitudinal members66 of the loom. The free arms 69 of the bell-crank lever 64 bear againstrollers 10 mounted on the picking plate 51.

When the reed frame 3 is in its lowest position, the shuttle boxes 55are closed and the knee levers 61 are in a substantially verticalposition (Figures 2 and 4). When the reed frame moves upwardly, the kneelever 61 are obliged to yield and bend towards the inside of the loomowing to their hinged suspension. The bell-crank systems 64 are therebyalso turned outwardly, as indicated in chain lines in Figure 2, the arms69 pressing back the rollers 10 and hence the picking plates 51 of theindividual shuttle boxes against the action of the springs 6|, untilthey move behind resilient locking noses 1| projecting through theshuttle box bottom 58. Each locking nose 1| is situated on the end of adouble armed lever 12 which is pivoted to the bottom 58 at 13 and isunder the action of the spring 14. For picking the shuttles 9 it ismerely necessary to turn the lever 12 so that the locking nose 1|releases the picking plate 51 which under the action of the springs 6|propels the shuttle 9 into the opposite shuttle box.

A control device as shown in Figure 7 is provided on each side of theloom for rocking the levers 12. This device in the constructionalexample shown, in accordance with the Warp groups present, comprisesthree one-armed levers 15 adapted to be rocked about the pivots 16 intothe chain line position under the action of the spring 'Iheir movementsin common are ensured by a connecting rod 18 pivotally connected tothem. When the levers 15 are in the vertical position, the free ends ofthe double armed levers 12 situated on one side of the reed frame strikeagainst the upper edges of said levers 15 during the descent of the reedframe 3. Duringr the further descent of the reed frame, therefore, thepawls 1| are Withdrawn from the path of the picking plates 51 andsimultaneous picking of During on the opposite side of the loom are inthe outwardly rocked position, so that no release of the picking plate51 can take place.

For the alternate rocking of the picking plate control members 15, 16,11, 18, two tappet ringsy 19 are ilxed to the lay-shaft 21, said ringsbeing offset relatively to one another and co-operating with two rockinglevers 80. movements of the levers 89 are transmitted by pull members 8|through suitably arranged rollers to the picking plate control members15, 16, 11, 18.

In order, despite its increased efficiency, to be able to provide theloom with a common hand,

foot or the like drive, the reed frame 3 is sus-l pended for examplefrom eight equalising springs 82, the strength of which is such as tocorrespond substantially to the sum of the loads resulting from theweight of the reed frame 3 and the power of the picking plate tensionsprings 6| and of the other tension springs employed.

As shuttle catching device there is advantageously employed a lever 84under the action of the spring 83 and pivoted to the picking plate 51.The lever 84 has a locking nose 85 adapted The alternating to engagebehind an upwardly: projecting yoke 86 on the shuttle 9. The catchlever. 84 is fur'- thermore provided with a sloping slide surface 81 andits front end is guidedin a rail 88 secured to the shuttle box walls 56.The rail 88 however does not project into the path of the shuttle yoke85. The shuttle propelled into the box 55 rebounds against the pickingplate 51 provided with suitable coverings. It cannot beprojected out ofthe box again, however, under the action of the rebound, because thelocking nose 85 has passed behind the yoke 85. Upon the release of thepicking plate 51, the catch lever 84 moves with it inthe same direction,and its slidesurface 81 abutsA against the rail 88, whereby it is rockedautomatically so that its nose 85 releases the shuttle 9.

According to Figure 8, a disc 89 embraced by an eccentric 90.is fast onthe driving shaft |5. The eccentric90 is fixed to the reed frame 3 andis thus movedvertically up and down by the rotation of the shaft I5 ordisc 89.

On both sides of the reed frame 3 are provided stationary, that is,non-oscillating, picking rails 9| for allthree or six shuttle boxes 55(Figure 9). Springs 02 tend to press the continuous rails` 9| againstthe picking plates 51 of the shuttle boxes 55. A pull member 93 whichpasses over the rollers 90, 95 and is secured to a lever 90 brings thepicking rails 9| into the respective tensioned position. In order toeifect the tene sioning and release of the continuous picking rails 9|on both sides, there are provided on both ends of a shaft 01 cams 98which have their rises offset relatively to one another, sothat thelevers 96 permanently co-operating with the cams 93 by means of therollers99 are depressed alternately. The picking rails 9| areconsequently retracted by meansof the pull members 93 and the springs 92are tensioned. Upon each rotation of the cam 98, the roller 99 dropsonce behind the rise |00, the' springs 92. being released and thepicking rails 9| striking against the plates 51 or shuttles 0. Therotation of the shaft 91 is transmitted from the driving shaft I5 bymeans of a spur wheel mechanism |0|, |02. If the. springs 5| are omitted.the plates 51 may serve as shock absorbers and may be provided with aleather covering or the like in known manner. Preferably, each reed orshuttle guiding rail |03 of the frame 3 is adapted to be turned on.hinges ||4`and xed iny position by push-in pins ||5 or the like.

Secured to the reed frame 3 are one or more pull members attached to across-bar |04. Pivotally connected to the bar |04 are arms |05 on whichare mounted pawls |00. The arms are held in position by pull members |01with equalising springs |08. atesl with a ratchet wheel |09. As isindicated in Figure 8, the movements of the ratchet wheels |09 aretransmitted to the rollers I0, each of which is connected to theassociated cloth roller Vl2 by a belt or chain I0. The movement of theEach pawl `|00 co-operments in the fonm of tension springs are providedin the pull members |06.

With the omission of the lay-shaft 21, the actuation of the harnessframes or healds 1, 8 is effected according to Figure 8 for instance lbymeans of a card device ||2 known per se in the case of looms. l

In the constructional example of the invention according to Figures 8and 9, the shuttle boxes 55 may also move up and down with the reedframe 3. The configuration of the common stationary picking mechanism9|, 93, 96, 98, however, also permits of a station-ary arrangement ofthe shuttle boxes 55.

The invention provides a loom to be equipped if desired with hand orfoot drive which, with substantially the same expenditure of power,renders possible a double, triple or multiple output as compared withthe domestic looms known heretofore with only one web of cloth, and atthe same time, the production of all the cloth webs can be supervisedfrom all sides. Consequently, all the components are also readilyaccessible, for instance for eliminating stoppages. All the importantactuating and control members are combined in a clear manner on a commonlay-shaft. By the use of notched discs for the interchangeable fixing ofthe tappets for actuating the healds, the otherwise usual card controlor any other complicated control device for producing the desired weaveis dispensed with. Despite the simple construction of the loom, theadjustment of the clot-h take-up, the actuation of the healds and soforth may be varied as desired in accordance with the nature of thecloth to be manufactured. Due to the fact that not the cloth rollers-but the take-up rollers provided with a rough surface are driven andthe cloth lrollers are pressed against these take-up rollers, it ispossible to secure a constant take-urp roller drive despite theincreasing cloth rol-ler diameter.

The invention according to the two constructional examples describedelimina-tes all the disadvantages necessarily encountered heretoforeA inlooms for producing a plurality of webs of cloth, as compared with thosefor one web of cloth. The `construction has been considerably simplied,a much less powerful drivebeing thereby necessary. Whereas, due to thecounterwise cloth take-up in the case of looms having a plurality ofvertical webs of cloth, warp threads are necessarily situatedimmediately one behind the other, in the case of the invention they arefreely accessible from both sides. The actual weaving operation takesplace in the same plane for all fabrics, and thereby supervision of thel-oom for thread breakage, weaving faults and so forth is considerablysimplified. The movement of all the components can be supervised andtheir function is readily understood. The subject of the invention istherefore excellently adapted for use for instructional purposes.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Let-ters Patent is:

1In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, equalisingsprings on which the said reed frame is suspended, shuttle pickingplates tensioned by the said reed frame upon its upward movement, and aconnecting rod crank mechanism for producing the upward and downwardmovement of the said reed frame.

2. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, equalisingsprings on which the said reed frame is suspended, shuttle pickingplates tensioned by the said reed frame upon its upward movement, and aneccentric drive for producing the upward and downward movement of thesaid reed frame.

3. In a loo-1n of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle guidesand reeds pivotally mounted on hinges on the said reed frame, a pullmember acted upon by the said frame and a lever system to move the clothrollers of the loom intermittently in the same direction, and astationary picking mechanism for moving all of the shuttles of the loom.

4. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle guidesand reeds pivotally mounted on hinges on the said reed frame, a pullmember acted upon by the said frame and a lever system to move the clothrollers of the loom intermittently in the same direction, and pickingplates mounted on the oscillating reed frame for moving all of theshuttles of the loom.

5. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle guidesand reeds pivotally mounted on hinges on the said reed frame, a pullmember acted upon by the said fir-ame and a lever system to move thecloth rollers of the loom intermittently lin the saine direction, meansfoi` equalising the length of the said pull member, and a common pickingmechanism for moving all of the shuttles of the loom.

6. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed fr-ame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle boxeson 'the said reed frame, picking plates serving as closures for the saidshuttle boxes, locking projections for the said picking plates, and aknee lever and bellcrank system for pressing the said picking platesagainst thev action of tension springs behind the said projectionsduring the upward movement of the said reed frame.

7. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely ac-cessible from both sides, equalisingsprings on which the said reed frame is suspended, shuttle boxes on thesaid reed frame, picking plates serving as closures for the saids-huttle boxes, locking projections for the said picking platesco-operating with picking plate tension springs, and a knee lever andbellcrank system for pressing the said picking plates against the actionof the said tension springs behind the said projections during theupward movement of the said reed frame, the said equalising springscorresponding to the sum of the forces resulting from the weight of thesaid reed frame and the force of the said tension springs.

8. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle boxeson the said reed frame, picking plates serving as closures for the saidshuttle boxes, locking projections for the said picking plates, meansfor moving the said picking plates behind the said projections, tappetsfor effecting the forward movement of the cloth rollers of the loom,tappets for alternate retraction of the said picking plates and foractuating the healds of the loom, a lay-shaft bearing the said tappets,and a connecting-rod crank mechanism for intermittently rotating thesaid lay-shaft.

9. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle boxeson the said reed frame, picking plates serving as closures for the saidshuttle boxes, locking projections for the said picking plates, tappetsfor alternate retraction of the said picking plates and for actuatingthe healds of the loom, a lay-shaft bearing the said tappets, andnotched discs mounted on the said lay-shaft for interchangeableattachment of the said tappets.

10. In a loom of the character described, a loom frame, an upwardly anddownwardly oscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behindthe other in vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides,cloth rollers on the said loom frame, take-up rollers on said loom framebearing by spring action against the said cloth rollers, and a ratchetwheel and chain drive .actuating tne said take-up rollers in common.

11. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle boxeson the said reed frame, picking plates serving as closures for the saidshuttle boxes, an elevated yoke on each shuttle, and a resilient catchlever on each picking plate adapted .to engage with .the said yoke.

12. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle boxeson the said reed frame, picking plates serving as closures for the saidshuttle boxes, an elevated yoke on each shuttle, a resilient catch leveron each picking plate adapted to engage with the said yoke, and a railfixed to each shuttle box, the said catch lever being guided by means ofa sloping slide surface in the said rail.

13. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame provided for warps situated one behind the otherin vertical planes and freely accessible from both sides, shuttle boxes,a stationary shuttle picking mechanism, means for driving the said reedframe in common with the cloth rollers of the loom, means on either sideof the loom for driving the said picking plates common to all of thesaid shuttle boxes, and gear wheels coupling the said frame drive to thesaid picking plate drive.

14. In a loom of the character described, an upwardly and downwardlyoscillating reed frame being supported in a state of balance andprovided for warps situated one behind the other in vertical planes andfreely accessible from both sides, shuttle picking plates tenzioned bythe said reed frame upon its upward movement, and a connecting rod crankmechanism producing the upward and downward movement of the said reedframe.

15. A loom, comprising a loom frame, a plurality of warp beams and clothtake-up rollers mounted in pairs substantially vertically above oneanother upon said loom frame, the warps being situated one` behind theother in a plurality of vertical planes and freely accessible, a commonreed frame through which said warps pass and means for reciprocatingsaid reed frame in a vertical direction and supporting it in a state ofbalance.

ERLAF GROETSCHEL.

